Testing Services

Testing Services Tensile testing is widely used to provide basic design information on the strength of materials and as an acceptance test for the specification of materials. In this test procedure, a specimen is subjected to a continually increasing uniaxial load (force), which tends to stretch the metal at a slow controlled rate until rupture occurs. In a typical tensile test, four things will be recorded:
	Tensile Strength (also called ultimate strength) Breaking strength of a material when subjected to a tensile stretching force. Usually measured by placing a standard test piece in the jaws of a tensile machine, gradually separating the jaws, and measuring the stretching force necessary to break the test piece. Tensile strength is commonly expressed as pounds (or tons) per square inch of original cross section. Yield Strength (also called yield point) The stress at which plastic deformation or yielding is observed to begin. Elongation The extension of a uniform section of a specimen expressed as percentage of the original gage length. Reduction of Area The difference, expressed as a percentage of original area, between the original cross-sectional area of the tensile test specimen and the minimum cross-sectional area measured after complete separation.
Charpy impact test is a pendulum-type test in which the specimen usually notched, is supported at both ends as a simple beam and broken by a falling pendulum. The energy absorbed, as determined by the subsequent rise of the pendulum, is a measure of impact strength or notch toughness. Hardness measures the resistance of a material to surface indentation. There is no absolute scale for hardness quantitatively; therefore, to express hardness quantitatively, each type of test has its own scale of arbitrarily defined hardness. The most common scales used for metals are Brinell and Rockwell. Chemical analysis measures the various elements that make up the material, expressed as a percentage. Corrosion testing determines a metals ability to resist deterioration by chemical or electrochemical reaction with its environment. Metallography deals with the constitution and structure of metals and alloys as revealed by such tools as low-powered magnification, optical microscope, electron microscope and diffraction or x-ray techniques. Hydro Burst is a destructive hydraulic test to determine actual yield strength and ultimate strength of a pipe or tube. This is done by pressurizing the sample with water or gas until the sample bursts. AMS 2301 Step-down refers to a sample being step-down machined so that there is an OD at various depths in the sample and then a magnetic particle test is done. This is done to determine the cleanliness of the metal. Weld Procedure reports is a sample of the base metal with a weld that is tested for tensile, charpy, and sometimes hardness, to compare the weld to the base metal. Non-Destructive
	Ultrasonic (UT) - a nondestructive test applied to sound-conductive materials having elastic properties for the purpose of locating in homogeneities or structural discontinuities within a material by means of an ultrasonic beam. Magnetic Particle - A nondestructive method of inspection for determining the existence and extent of surface cracks and similar imperfections in ferromagnetic materials. Finely divided magnetic particles, applied to the magnetized part, are attracted to and outline the pattern of any magnetic-leakage fields created by discontinuities. Dye Penetrant (liquid penetrant inspection) - A nondestructive test that locates discontinuities that are open to the surface of a metal by first allowing a penetrating dye or fluorescent liquid to infiltrate the discontinuity, removing the excess penetrant, and then applying a developing agent that causes the penetrant to seep back out of the discontinuity and register as an indication.

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